This is an article written about how to setup a Git Repository using the available command from git utility itself. The command is executed via command line. So, in order to setup a Git repository via command line, there are several steps which can be taken to accomplish the task and it is shown as follows :
1. The most important thing is to check whether ‘git’ utility has already been installed or not. For an example, to check it in Ubuntu Linux distributoin. just check the article titled ‘List Installed Program in Ubuntu Linux using apt command‘ in this link to perform on checking the ‘git’ utility whether it has already installed or not. Below is the actual execution for checking it :
root@hostname:~# apt --installed list | grep git WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts. ... git/xenial,xenial,now 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,upgradable to: 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.1] ...
There are other tools or utilities provided or available in each operating system which can be used.
2. As shown in the first step, it is already installed. After checking it via apt command utility, it can also be checked by executing the ‘git’ utility itself by typing it in the bash prompt commad as shown below :
git --version
This is the example of the command execution above in a real situation :
user@hostname:~# git --version git version 2.7.4 user@hostname:~#
Another method which can be used is just plainly type ‘git’ command as shown below :
user@hostname:~# git usage: git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c name=value] [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path] [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare] [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>] <command> [<args>] These are common Git commands used in various situations: start a working area (see also: git help tutorial) clone Clone a repository into a new directory init Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one work on the current change (see also: git help everyday) add Add file contents to the index mv Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink reset Reset current HEAD to the specified state rm Remove files from the working tree and from the index examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions) bisect Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug grep Print lines matching a pattern log Show commit logs show Show various types of objects status Show the working tree status grow, mark and tweak your common history branch List, create, or delete branches checkout Switch branches or restore working tree files commit Record changes to the repository diff Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc merge Join two or more development histories together rebase Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head tag Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG collaborate (see also: git help workflows) fetch Download objects and refs from another repository pull Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch push Update remote refs along with associated objects 'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>' to read about a specific subcommand or concept. user@hostname:~#
3. So, after carefully check that ‘git’ utility command can be executed, just type the following command to initialize a folder to be set as a Git repository.
git init .
For an example :
user@hostname:/var/www/html/test$ git init Initialized empty Git repository in /var/www/html/test/.git/ user@hostname:/var/www/html/test$
The folder above named ‘test’ which is located in ‘/var/www/html/’ can be empty or it has already filled with files or directories of application source code. But in the above command execution, ‘git init’ means the initialization of the folder for a new and empty Git repository since it hasn’t been any git operation performed in the folder.
- The last but not least, check in the folder named ‘test’ whether it has a hidden folder located inside of it named ‘.git’ as shown below :
user@hostname:/var/www/html/test$ ls -al | grep .git drwxr-xr-x 8 user user 4096 Jul 18 15:16 .git -rwxrwx--- 1 www-data user 130 Jun 8 14:47 .gitattributes -rwxrwx--- 1 www-data user 953 Jun 8 14:47 githash.php You have new mail in /var/mail/root user@hostname:/var/www/html/test$ ls -al | grep git drwxrwxr-x 7 www-data user 4096 Jul 22 09:50 .git user@hostname:/var/www/html/test$
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