How to Solve Error Message Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) on project myapp: Execution default-war of goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2:war failed: Unable to load the mojo ‘war’ in the plugin ‘org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2’ due to an API incompatibility: org.codehaus.plexus.component.repository.exception.ComponentLookupException: Cannot access defaults field of Properties when Build and Compile Java Application

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Introduction

In this article, there is a specific content for discussing about how to solve an error message appear. That error message appear upon the execution of the compile and build process. The compile and build process is in a Java IDE. Specifically, the process for compiling and building the Java application is using NetBeans IDE. Before going on further, below is the error message which appear in the Output tab of the NetBeans IDE : 

...
--- maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) @ myapp ---
Error injecting: org.apache.maven.plugin.war.WarMojo
com.google.inject.ProvisionException: Unable to provision, see the following errors:

1) Error injecting constructor, java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError: Cannot access defaults field of Properties
at org.apache.maven.plugin.war.WarMojo.<init>(Unknown Source)
while locating org.apache.maven.plugin.war.WarMojo

1 error
at com.google.inject.internal.InternalProvisionException.toProvisionException (InternalProvisionException.java:226)
at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl$1.get (InjectorImpl.java:1053)
at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl.getInstance (InjectorImpl.java:1086)
at org.eclipse.sisu.space.AbstractDeferredClass.get (AbstractDeferredClass.java:48)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProviderInternalFactory.provision (ProviderInternalFactory.java:85)
at com.google.inject.internal.InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.provision (InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.java:57)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProviderInternalFactory$1.call (ProviderInternalFactory.java:66)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback$Provision.provision (ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:112)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback$Provision.provision (ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:127)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback.provision (ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:66)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProviderInternalFactory.circularGet (ProviderInternalFactory.java:61)
at com.google.inject.internal.InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.get (InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.java:47)
at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl$1.get (InjectorImpl.java:1050)
at org.eclipse.sisu.inject.Guice4$1.get (Guice4.java:162)
at org.eclipse.sisu.inject.LazyBeanEntry.getValue (LazyBeanEntry.java:81)
at org.eclipse.sisu.plexus.LazyPlexusBean.getValue (LazyPlexusBean.java:51)
at org.codehaus.plexus.DefaultPlexusContainer.lookup (DefaultPlexusContainer.java:263)
at org.codehaus.plexus.DefaultPlexusContainer.lookup (DefaultPlexusContainer.java:255)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.internal.DefaultMavenPluginManager.getConfiguredMojo (DefaultMavenPluginManager.java:520)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo (DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:124)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute (MojoExecutor.java:210)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute (MojoExecutor.java:156)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute (MojoExecutor.java:148)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject (LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:117)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject (LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:81)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build (SingleThreadedBuilder.java:56)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute (LifecycleStarter.java:128)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute (DefaultMaven.java:305)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute (DefaultMaven.java:192)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute (DefaultMaven.java:105)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute (MavenCli.java:972)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain (MavenCli.java:293)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main (MavenCli.java:196)
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0 (Native Method)
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke (NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke (DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke (Method.java:568)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced (Launcher.java:282)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch (Launcher.java:225)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode (Launcher.java:406)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main (Launcher.java:347)
Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError: Cannot access defaults field of Properties
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.collections.PropertiesConverter.<clinit> (PropertiesConverter.java:46)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.setupConverters (XStream.java:647)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.<init> (XStream.java:445)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.<init> (XStream.java:385)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.<init> (XStream.java:342)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.war.util.WebappStructureSerializer.<clinit> (WebappStructureSerializer.java:47)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.war.AbstractWarMojo.<init> (AbstractWarMojo.java:316)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.war.WarMojo.<init> (WarMojo.java:49)
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0 (Native Method)
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance (NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:77)
at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance (DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstanceWithCaller (Constructor.java:499)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance (Constructor.java:480)
at com.google.inject.internal.DefaultConstructionProxyFactory$ReflectiveProxy.newInstance (DefaultConstructionProxyFactory.java:126)
at com.google.inject.internal.ConstructorInjector.provision (ConstructorInjector.java:114)
at com.google.inject.internal.ConstructorInjector.access$000 (ConstructorInjector.java:32)
at com.google.inject.internal.ConstructorInjector$1.call (ConstructorInjector.java:98)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback$Provision.provision (ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:112)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback$Provision.provision (ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:127)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback.provision (ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:66)
at com.google.inject.internal.ConstructorInjector.construct (ConstructorInjector.java:93)
at com.google.inject.internal.ConstructorBindingImpl$Factory.get (ConstructorBindingImpl.java:306)
at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl$1.get (InjectorImpl.java:1050)
at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl.getInstance (InjectorImpl.java:1086)
at org.eclipse.sisu.space.AbstractDeferredClass.get (AbstractDeferredClass.java:48)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProviderInternalFactory.provision (ProviderInternalFactory.java:85)
at com.google.inject.internal.InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.provision (InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.java:57)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProviderInternalFactory$1.call (ProviderInternalFactory.java:66)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback$Provision.provision (ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:112)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback$Provision.provision (ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:127)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback.provision (ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:66)
at com.google.inject.internal.ProviderInternalFactory.circularGet (ProviderInternalFactory.java:61)
at com.google.inject.internal.InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.get (InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.java:47)
at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl$1.get (InjectorImpl.java:1050)
at org.eclipse.sisu.inject.Guice4$1.get (Guice4.java:162)
at org.eclipse.sisu.inject.LazyBeanEntry.getValue (LazyBeanEntry.java:81)
at org.eclipse.sisu.plexus.LazyPlexusBean.getValue (LazyPlexusBean.java:51)
at org.codehaus.plexus.DefaultPlexusContainer.lookup (DefaultPlexusContainer.java:263)
at org.codehaus.plexus.DefaultPlexusContainer.lookup (DefaultPlexusContainer.java:255)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.internal.DefaultMavenPluginManager.getConfiguredMojo (DefaultMavenPluginManager.java:520)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo (DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:124)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute (MojoExecutor.java:210)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute (MojoExecutor.java:156)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute (MojoExecutor.java:148)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject (LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:117)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject (LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:81)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build (SingleThreadedBuilder.java:56)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute (LifecycleStarter.java:128)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute (DefaultMaven.java:305)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute (DefaultMaven.java:192)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute (DefaultMaven.java:105)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute (MavenCli.java:972)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain (MavenCli.java:293)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main (MavenCli.java:196)
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0 (Native Method)
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke (NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke (DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke (Method.java:568)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced (Launcher.java:282)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch (Launcher.java:225)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode (Launcher.java:406)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main (Launcher.java:347)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUILD FAILURE
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total time: 27.880 s
Finished at: 2022-08-06T06:27:33+07:00
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) on project myapp: Execution default-war of goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2:war failed: Unable to load the mojo 'war' in the plugin 'org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2' due to an API incompatibility: org.codehaus.plexus.component.repository.exception.ComponentLookupException: Cannot access defaults field of Properties
-----------------------------------------------------
realm = plugin>org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2
strategy = org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.strategy.SelfFirstStrategy

What kind of Java application or Java project which is causing the error message ?. Well, the following is part of the ‘pom.xml’ which is become a base description for compiling and building that Java application or Java project :

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.github.adminfaces</groupId>
    <artifactId>projectf</artifactId>
    <version>0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <name>myapp</name>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>hjojoj
    </properties>
 
    <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>javax</groupId>
             <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
             <version>7.0</version>
             <scope>provided</scope>
         </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
         <resources>
             <resource>
                 <filtering>true</filtering>
                 <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
             </resource>
             <resource>
                 <directory>src/main/docs</directory>
                 <filtering>true</filtering>
             </resource>
             <resource>
                 <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                 <includes>
                     <include>**/*.xml</include>
                     <include>**/*.properties</include>
                 </includes>
             </resource>
         </resources>
         <testResources>
             <testResource>
                  <filtering>true</filtering>
                  <directory>src/test/resources</directory>
             </testResource>
             <testResource>
                  <directory>src/test/java/</directory>
             </testResource>
         </testResources>
         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                  <version>3.3</version>
                  <configuration>
                       <source>1.8</source>
                       <target>1.8</target>
                  </configuration>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>
         <finalName>myapp</finalName>
    </build>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>prime-repo</id>
            <name>PrimeFaces Maven Repository</name>
            <url>https://repository.primefaces.org</url>
            <layout>default</layout>
        </repository>
   </repositories>
</project>

Actually, there is a specific error message appear in the Output Tab above. The following is that error messaage : 

Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) on project myapp: Execution default-war of goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2:war failed: Unable to load the mojo 'war' in the plugin 'org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2' due to an API incompatibility: org.codehaus.plexus.component.repository.exception.ComponentLookupException: Cannot access defaults field of Properties

How to Solve Error Message

So, the problem arise upon compiling and building the Java application in NetBeans IDE which in in the failure of loading the plugin ‘org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2’. As in the ‘pom.xml’ file definition, the one which is closely have a relation with the plugin ‘org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-war-plugin:2.2’. Even tough  there is no actual definition of it. The only Apache maven plugin exist in the definition is as in the following : 

         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                  <version>3.3</version>
                  <configuration>
                       <source>1.8</source>
                       <target>1.8</target>
                  </configuration>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>

Apparently, it is not enough, since the target of the output is in a ‘war’ file. As it exist in the definifion of the ‘pom.xml’ file as follows : 

<packaging>war</packaging>

So, as an assumption, since there is no plugin declaration for building a war file, it will try to use a default maven war plugin with the version of 2.2. Unfortunately, it ends in a failure. In that case, the solution is to provide the definition for maven war plugin as follows : 

<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.3.2</version>
</plugin>

So, for the overall format of the ‘pom.xml’ file, after including the above maven war plugin definition which into to the ‘build’ part, it will exist as follows : 

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.github.adminfaces</groupId>
    <artifactId>project</artifactId>
    <version>0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <name>myapp</name>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>hjojoj
    </properties>
 
    <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>javax</groupId>
             <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
             <version>7.0</version>
             <scope>provided</scope>
         </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
         <resources>
             <resource>
                 <filtering>true</filtering>
                 <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
             </resource>
             <resource>
                 <directory>src/main/docs</directory>
                 <filtering>true</filtering>
             </resource>
             <resource>
                 <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                 <includes>
                     <include>**/*.xml</include>
                     <include>**/*.properties</include>
                 </includes>
             </resource>
         </resources>
         <testResources>
             <testResource>
                  <filtering>true</filtering>
                  <directory>src/test/resources</directory>
             </testResource>
             <testResource>
                  <directory>src/test/java/</directory>
             </testResource>
         </testResources>
         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                  <version>3.3</version>
                  <configuration>
                       <source>1.8</source>
                       <target>1.8</target>
                  </configuration>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
                  <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                  <version>3.3.2</version>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>
         <finalName>myapp</finalName>
    </build>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>prime-repo</id>
            <name>PrimeFaces Maven Repository</name>
            <url>https://repository.primefaces.org</url>
            <layout>default</layout>
        </repository>
   </repositories>
</project>

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